Shimmering galaxies revealed in new photos by European space telescope

This image provided by the European Space Agency shows Euclid's panoramic view of the Horsehead Nebula. The European Space Agency released Euclid's first photos Tuesday, Nov. 7, 2023 four months after the spacecraft was launched from Florida to study the dark universe, invisible yet everywhere. Euclid will observe billions of galaxies, creating the largest 3D map ever made of the cosmos, in order to better understand the dark energy and matter that make up 95 percent of the universe. (European Space Agency via AP)

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) - Scientists on Tuesday unveiled the first pictures taken by the European space telescope Euclid, a shimmering and stunning collection of galaxies too numerous to count.

The photos were revealed by the European Space Agency, four months after the telescope launched from Cape Canaveral.

Although these celestial landscapes have been observed before by the Hubble Space Telescope and others, Euclid's snapshots provide "razor-sharp astronomical images across such a large patch of the sky, and looking so far into the distant universe," the agency said.

In one picture, Euclid captured a group shot of 1,000 galaxies in a cluster 240 million light-years away, against a backdrop of more than 100,000 galaxies billions of light-years away. A light-year is 5.8 trillion miles.

"Dazzling," said the space agency's science director, Carole Mundell, as she showed off the galaxy cluster shot on a large screen at the control center in Germany.

Euclid's instruments are sensitive enough to pick up the smallest galaxies, which were too faint to see until now. The results are "crystal-clear and stunning images going back in cosmic time," Mundell said.

This image provided by the European Space Agency shows Euclid's view of the galaxy called IC 342. The European Space Agency released Euclid's first photos Tuesday, Nov. 7, 2023 four months after the spacecraft was launched from Florida to study the dark universe, invisible yet everywhere. Euclid will observe billions of galaxies, creating the largest 3D map ever made of the cosmos, in order to better understand the dark energy and matter that make up 95 percent of the universe. (European Space Agency via AP)

The telescope snapped pictures of a relatively close spiral galaxy that is a ringer for our own Milky Way. Although the Hubble Space Telescope previously observed the heart of this galaxy, Euclid's shot reveals star formation across the entire region, scientists said.

Euclid also took fresh photos of the Horsehead Nebula in the constellation Orion, a dramatic nursery of baby stars made famous by Hubble. It took Euclid just an hour to capture the nebula's latest beauty shot; the five new photos accounted for less than a day of observing time.

By measuring the shape and movement of galaxies as far as 10 billion light-years away, astronomers hope to learn more about the dark energy and matter that make up 95% of the universe.

The observatory will survey billions of galaxies over the next six years, creating the most comprehensive 3D map of the cosmos ever made. NASA is a partner in the $1.5 billion mission and supplied the telescope's infrared detectors.

Launched in July, Euclid orbits the sun some 1 million miles (1.6 million kilometers) from Earth. The telescope is named after the mathematician of ancient Greece.